The microwave is one of the most indispensable appliances in the modern home. Whether you’re reheating leftovers, cooking frozen foods or steaming veggies for your next healthy meal, it’s a quick, efficient way to get dinner on the table. But there are many things you should know about microwaves—especially how to use and care for them—before you buy or use one.
The simplest explanation of a microwave is its ability to heat food and beverages by generating electromagnetic radiation inside the oven. This energy is absorbed by the water and fat in the food molecules, heating them very quickly. The process does not, however, affect the chemical structure of the food or contaminate it in any way.
Microwaves have a wide range of other uses in our everyday lives, from drying potatoes and coffee beans to raising dough and sterilizing equipment. The military makes heavy use of microwaves in its radar systems, tracking missiles and aircraft, and for eavesdropping, and doctors use it to sterilize instruments and in diathermy machines to treat bursitis, arthritis, muscle aches and sprains.
The best microwaves are easy to clean and simple to operate, with an assortment of preset settings that make it easier to cook certain foods and a control panel that’s intuitive to navigate. Some also have features like smart sensors, automatic popcorn settings and even air frying and baking capabilities, but there are effective microwaves without all these bells and whistles, too.