What Is a Microwave?

microwave

Microwave is a term used to describe electromagnetic radiation in the radio wave and short-wave infrared frequency ranges. The microwave region extends from 1,000 MHz to 300,000 MHz (or 30 cm to 1 mm wavelength). Microwaves were first discovered in 1886 by Hertz, but they did not become widely exploited until the invention of suitable generators such as the klystron and the cavity magnetron, which came in time for World War II.

Microwaves are widely used in modern technology for point-to-point communication links, wireless networks, microwave radio relay networks, radar, satellite and spacecraft communication, medical diathermy and cancer treatment, remote sensing, radio astronomy, particle accelerators, and spectroscopy. They are also used for industrial heating, such as softening plastic rods before extrusion. In household cooking, microwaves are commonly used in ovens.

Homeowners should regularly check their microwave for signs of wear and tear. This can include making sure the door seal is clean and free of damage. A damaged or dirty seal can reduce the efficiency of the appliance, requiring more energy than the rated power to cook food.

While microwave radiation from a household oven does not cause cancer, it can heat the skin, causing burns. This is why the Health Physics Society encourages people to carefully follow all instructions in their microwave ovens, and to use them only for their intended purposes. The Society also provides informational reports, fact sheets and a website to help consumers better understand radiation safety and microwave ovens.