Microwaves may not be as fancy or as versatile as a full oven, but they can make your life a lot easier. They’re handy for everything from melting chocolate and boiling water to reheating leftovers and popping popcorn. They also save you time and energy by making it possible to cook a complete meal in a single dish, rather than decanting food into saucepans and oven dishes.
The best microwaves evenly distribute heat throughout the food, which prevents hot and cold spots. This is achieved by a process that works on the molecules in your food, Anantheswaran says. The water in your food consists of molecules that form what’s known as dipoles, which are like tiny bar magnets with positive and negative poles. When microwaves pass through the oven, their electromagnetic field oscillates—and as it does, the dipoles in your food flip between the two poles, vibrating and heating them up.
Many models have more settings than the simplest ones, including lower power levels and preset cooking programs for things like popcorn, beverages and potatoes. These are useful, but be sure to consider whether you’ll use them before shelling out the extra cash. And when shopping for a new microwave, take into account the amount of space it will require on your countertop, especially if you’re looking for an over-the-range or built-in model. The biggest microwaves can take up 2 cubic feet of counter space, and you’ll need enough clearance for the door to open.