What Is a Microwave?

A microwave is a device used to heat food or water. It works by passing microwave radiation at a high frequency through foods and beverages to cause dielectric heating, which is similar to the way radio waves heat objects in air or water. Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation, like radio waves, infrared, and terahertz (infrared), all of which are forms of non-ionizing electromagnetic energy.

The prefix “micro” in microwave refers to its short wavelength, which makes it different from other types of electromagnetic radiation such as visible light, infrared, and radio waves. As such, it has different properties than these other types of energy, including the ability to penetrate solids without breaking them, allowing it to be used for cooking foods.

Microwaves are available as countertop models that sit directly on the counter or built-in models installed underneath a kitchen sink or above a range. Countertop units are often smaller than built-in models, and you may want to consider how much space you have on your countertop before deciding on a model. Additionally, if you have any other appliances in your kitchen, such as an oven or dishwasher, you may want to consider the space these will take up when choosing a microwave. In terms of features, you can find models with presets, defrost settings, child locks, and power-saving modes, among others. Other options to consider include exterior finishes, handles or push buttons, and interior designs. You can also opt for microwaves that can bake or reheat frozen foods.