How Does Your Microwave Cook Your Food?

microwave

When you press ‘Start’ on your microwave oven, an internal device called a magnetron emits electromagnetic radiation (EM) — waves with magnetic and electric energy that are part of the electromagnetic spectrum. This includes radio waves, visible light, infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation and X-rays.

When the EM reaches your food, it reflects off of the water molecules inside it and starts exciting them. These molecule vibrations create heat, which cooks your food. This process also keeps nutrients like vitamin C intact, unlike in traditional oven cooking, where they break down over time.

Your microwave is made of metal so it can trap these reflected rays inside. As the rays bounce around, they produce peaks and troughs of high and low frequency waves. This is why you need to rotate your food, so it absorbs the rays evenly. This process is why a microwave turns food inside-out, not outside-in.

Microwaves come with dozens of features, power settings and preset cooking programs. But if you’re shopping for one, it’s important to decide which functions mean the most to you, such as dedicated popcorn and potato buttons or a mute button so you can nuke a midnight snack without waking up the kids. Then narrow down your options by size and power usage to find the right model for your home. For example, if you plan to use it often for leftover pizza or popcorn, opt for a larger 1.2-cubic-foot model instead of a smaller one designed for single slices.